2025年高考帶介詞的賓語(yǔ)從句學(xué)習四要素
來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò )整理 2024-11-12 12:30:45
帶介詞的定語(yǔ)從句是定語(yǔ)從句學(xué)習的重要內容,也是高考重要考點(diǎn),學(xué)習時(shí)要注意下列幾點(diǎn):
一、明確介詞位置,把握介詞使用要求
關(guān)系代詞whom或which在定語(yǔ)從句中作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí),介詞可放在后面,也可提前構成“介詞+關(guān)系代詞whom(先行詞指人)/which(先行詞指物)”引導定語(yǔ)從句。
This is the girl whom I borrowed a book from.
=This is the girl from whom I borrowed a book.這就是我向她借書(shū)的那個(gè)女孩。
Is this the room which he once lived in?
=Is this the room in which he once lived?這是他曾經(jīng)住過(guò)的房子嗎?
但下列情況下介詞不能提前。
(1)用who代替whom,that代替which時(shí)介詞不能提前。
He's the boy who I learned English from.這是我向他學(xué)英語(yǔ)的男孩。
This is the room that he once lived in.這是他曾住過(guò)的房間。
(2)當whom,which省去時(shí)介詞不能提前。
Is he the boy you went there with?他是你和他一起去那兒的男孩嗎?
This is the room he lived in.這是他住過(guò)的房間。
(3)當從句中的謂語(yǔ)是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)時(shí),動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)中的介詞不能拆開(kāi)提前。
You're the very man whom I'm looking for.你正是我在找的那個(gè)人。
This is the program which he listened to.這就是他聽(tīng)過(guò)的節目。
二、了解關(guān)系代詞省略的背景要求
關(guān)系代詞whom或which在定語(yǔ)從句中作介詞賓語(yǔ)且介詞又放在后面時(shí)可以省去。
Can you find a girl(whom)I can go to Beijing with?你能替我找一個(gè)我可以和她一道去北京的女孩嗎?
Is this the pen(which)you referred to yesterday?這是你昨天提到的那支筆嗎?
但如果介詞被提前,關(guān)系代詞whom或which不能省略。
This is the boy on whom you can depend.這就是你可以依賴(lài)的那個(gè)男孩。(whom不可省)
My glasses without which I was almost like a blind man fell to the ground and broke into pieces.我的眼鏡掉到地上摔成碎片,沒(méi)有它我簡(jiǎn)直像個(gè)瞎子。(which不可省)
三、熟悉關(guān)系代詞替換的背景要求
關(guān)系代詞whom或which作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí),如果介詞放在后面,可用who/that代替whom,that代替which。
Qiu Yike,a new ping?pong star at the 47th World Championships in Paris is the boy(who/whom/that)I'm proud of.邱貽可,47屆巴黎世界乒乓球錦標賽上升起的明星,是我感到驕傲的對象。
This is the laboratory(that/which)he studies Sars in.這就是他研究Sars病毒的實(shí)驗室。
但如果介詞被提前,不可用who/that代替whom,也不可用that代替which。
This is the doctor with whom Xiao Wang fought Sars with.這就是小王和他一起與Sars病毒戰斗的醫生。(whom不能被who或that所替換)
This is the table on which lies a thick dictionary.這就是上面放著(zhù)一本厚字典的桌子。(which不能被that所替換)
四、掌握帶介詞定語(yǔ)從句的幾種創(chuàng )新形式
(一)介詞+whose引導定語(yǔ)從句
whose引導定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),可出現創(chuàng )新句型:介詞+whose引導定語(yǔ)從句。解這種定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)需弄清從句的動(dòng)詞與先行詞、whose后邊的名詞及定語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系,并發(fā)揮合理想象,不難發(fā)現其中正確的邏輯關(guān)系。
She is the girl to whose brother I talked yesterday.她就是昨天我和其兄弟談話(huà)的女孩。
析:分析the girl、brother和I之間的邏輯關(guān)系,不難發(fā)現我和女孩的兄弟談話(huà)。
He is the boy for whose boss I work.他就是我為其老板打工的男孩。
析:分析the boy、boss和I之間的邏輯關(guān)系,不難發(fā)現我為男孩的老板打工。
(二)復雜介詞+whom/which引導定語(yǔ)從句
This is the hotel at the back of which is a small garden.這就是后面有一座花園的旅館。
They came to a farm house in front of which sat a small boy.他們來(lái)到一家農房,前面坐著(zhù)一個(gè)小男孩。
(三)數詞(不定量數詞)/含所屬關(guān)系名詞+of whom/which引導定語(yǔ)從句
She has many books only one of which is interesting.她有許多書(shū),只有一本是有趣的。
I have many friends,the tallest of whom is Wei Fang.我有許多朋友,個(gè)子最高的是魏芳。
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