2020高考英語(yǔ)知識點(diǎn)，能不能背下來(lái)看你的了(3)
來(lái)源：高考網(wǎng)整理 2020-02-13 19:05:53
長(cháng)難句
46. Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand.魏彬拿出一些花生�？粗�(zhù)猴子從他手上吃花生，很有趣。
[1] fun “好玩，趣事”，不可數名詞，前面不加不定冠詞a
You’re sure to have some fun at the party tonight. 今天晚上你肯定會(huì )玩得很開(kāi)心。
[2] make fun of“取笑”，“嘲弄”。
People make fun of him only because he is wearing such a strange jacket.人們嘲笑他只是因為他穿了一件那么奇怪的衣服。
funny adj. “可笑的，滑稽的”
He looks very funny in his father’s jacket.他穿著(zhù)他父親的衣服，看上去很滑稽。
47. It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate.把你盤(pán)子里所有東西吃完是有禮貌的。
這是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)的句型，其中to finish eating everything 是主語(yǔ)，it是形式主語(yǔ)。
�？颊Z(yǔ)法
48. 直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)
[1] 直接引語(yǔ)在改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)需要做相應的調整。
(一般過(guò)去時(shí)改成過(guò)去完成時(shí))
I broke your CD player.→
He told me he had broken my CD player.
(現在完成時(shí)改成過(guò)去完成時(shí))
Jenny said, “I have lost a book.”→
Jenny said she had lost a book.
(一般將來(lái)時(shí)改成過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí))
Mum said, “I’ll go to see a friend.”→
Mum said she would go to see a friend.
�。ㄟ^(guò)去完成時(shí)保留原有的時(shí)態(tài)）
He said, “We hadn’t finished our homework.”→
He said they hadn’t finished their homework.
注意：直接引語(yǔ)是客觀(guān)真理，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。
[2] 在直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果從句中的主語(yǔ)時(shí)第一人稱(chēng)或被第一人稱(chēng)所修飾，從句中的人稱(chēng)要按照主句中主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)變化。如：
Mary said, “My brother is an engineer.”→
Mary said her brother was and engineer.
[3] 直接引語(yǔ)如果是反意疑問(wèn)句，選擇疑問(wèn)句或一般疑問(wèn)句，間接引語(yǔ)應改為由whether或if引導的賓語(yǔ)從句。如：
He said, “Can you run, Mike?”→
He asked Mike whether/if he could run.
[4] 直接引語(yǔ)如果是祈使句，間接引語(yǔ)應改為“tell(ask, order, beg等) (not) to do sth.”句型。如：
“Pass me the water, please.”said he.→
He asked him to pass her the water.
[5] 直接引語(yǔ)如果是以“Let’s”開(kāi)頭的祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常用“suggest+動(dòng)名詞或從句”的結構。如：
She said, “Let’s go to the cinema.”→
She suggested going to the cinema.
或She suggested that they should go to the cinema.
49. 現在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)的動(dòng)作
現在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)的動(dòng)作，謂語(yǔ)通常為瞬間動(dòng)詞。如：come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等。這些動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)后不能再接具體的時(shí)間。
[1] 用現在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)，指的是近期的，按計劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
[2] 現在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)與表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作的區別在于：前者通常用瞬間動(dòng)詞（有時(shí)一些常用動(dòng)詞也可以這樣用如：do）如：go, come, start, return, get, arrive等。而后者通常是持續性動(dòng)詞。
�、� The train is arriving soon. 火車(chē)就要進(jìn)站了。
�、� He is reading a novel. 他在看小說(shuō)。
[3] 用現在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間，在句中或上下文中通常有表示將來(lái)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。
[4] 現在進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般現在時(shí)表示將來(lái)動(dòng)作的區別在于：前者表示的將來(lái)的動(dòng)作往往是可以改變的，而后者則是根據規定或時(shí)間表預計要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情，因此往往是不可改變或不可隨便改變的。
�、� What are you doing next Friday?
下星期五你們打算干什么？
�、� The plane takes off at 7：30 tonight.
飛機今晚七點(diǎn)半起飛。
50. 主語(yǔ)是單數時(shí)，盡管后面跟有as well as, but ,except, besides, with ,along with, together with, like 等，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數。
The teacher as well as his students is excited.
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