學(xué)霸分享：2020高考英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句的非定語(yǔ)意義

　　2020年高考即將開(kāi)戰，你準備好了嗎？對于高中英語(yǔ)成績(jì)不好的同學(xué)來(lái)說(shuō)，熟悉復習資料的積累要隨時(shí)整理。高考網(wǎng)小編為各位考生整理了一些高考英語(yǔ)必備的知識點(diǎn)，供大家參考閱讀！

　　英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句主要表示定語(yǔ)意義，起限制或確定的作用。但在翻譯過(guò)程中，可有許多非定語(yǔ)的意義，而譯成某種狀語(yǔ)從句，或相當于并列分句或獨立句

　　表示“原因”意義

　　表示“原因”的定語(yǔ)從句，其意義與原因狀語(yǔ)從句雷同，可譯為“因為”、“由于”等。

　　例如 :

　　The tribunes, who feared that Caesar might win the people's support and seize the sole power, did not want them to be too favourable to him. (=The tribunes did not want the people to be too favourable to Caesar, because they feared he might win the people's support and seize the sole power.)

　　護民官們因為擔心凱撒會(huì )博得人民的擁戴，從而大權獨攬，所以不愿意人民對他過(guò)分地表示好感。

　　When Hitler came to power in Germany, Einstein, who was a Jew, found the doors of study closed to him.?

　　( = … Einstein found the doors of study closed to him because he was a Jew.)

　　當希特勒在德國上臺時(shí)， 愛(ài)因斯坦發(fā)現科學(xué)研究的大門(mén)對他是關(guān)閉的， 因為他是個(gè)猶太人。

　　表示“結果”意義

　　表示“結果”的定語(yǔ)從句，可轉換為such …that，that等引導的結果狀語(yǔ)從句，�？勺g為“因此”、“所以”等。

　　例如 :

　　…North China was hit by an unexpected heavy rain which caused severe flooding·?

　　(=... North China was hit by such an unexpected heavy rain that it caused severe flooding. )

　　華北遭受了一場(chǎng)意外的大雨，結果引起了嚴重的水災。

　　The league member saved a child, for which he was praised?

　　(=The league member saved a child that he was praised.

　　共青團員救了一個(gè)孩子，因此他受到了表?yè)P。

　　表示“目的”意義

　　這類(lèi)從句略似于in order to，in order that或帶to不定式等表示的目的狀語(yǔ)，漢語(yǔ)可譯為“以便"等。

　　例如 :

　　Envoys were sent who should promote friendly relations with other countries.?

　　(= Envoys were sent so that friendly relations with other countries might be promoted.)

　　派出使節以便促進(jìn)與其他國家的友好關(guān)系。

　　They set up a separate state of their own, where they would be free to keep Negroes as slaves.?

　　(= They set up separate state of their own in order that they might be free to keep Negroes as slaves there. )

　　他們建立起一個(gè)單獨的國家以便在那里可隨意地，把黑人當作奴隸。

　　表示“條件”意義

　　這類(lèi)定語(yǔ)從句通常表示一種先決條件，漢語(yǔ)可譯為“如果”、“只要”等。

　　例如 :

　　They said the clothes made of this magic cloth would be invisible to anyone who was unfit for the office he held.?

　　(= be invisible to him if anyone was unfit for the office he held.)

　　他們說(shuō)用這種魔布縫制的衣服，如果哪個(gè)人不稱(chēng)職，他就看不見(jiàn)。

　　A suggestion which will do a lot of good to the majority of the people is likely to be supported and accepted.?

　　(=If a suggestion will do a lot of good to the majority of the people, it is likely to… )

　　如果一個(gè)建議會(huì )給大多數人帶來(lái)許多益處的話(huà)，它就可能得到人們的支持，并被采納。

　　表示"讓步”意義

　　這類(lèi)定語(yǔ)從句在意義上相當于一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，�？勺g為“雖然"、"盡管"等。

　　例如 :

　　This technique will help to minimize any increases in product costs which are inevitable in the present circumstances.?

　　(=This technique will help to minimize any increases in product costs though they are inevitable…)

　　這處技術(shù)將有助于使產(chǎn)品成本的增加數減至最小，雖然產(chǎn)品成本的增加在目前情況下是不可避免的。

　　Carl, who now holds an important position in a large chemical works, still remembers one afternoon in his first year when the professor took the students to the chemistry lab.?

　　(= Although he now holds an important position in a large chemical works, Carl still remembers….)

　　卡爾現在雖然在一家大化工廠(chǎng)擔任重要職務(wù)，但他至今還記得在他上大學(xué)一年級時(shí)有一天下午教授把學(xué)生帶到化學(xué)實(shí)驗室去。

　　表示“對比”或“轉折”意義

　　這類(lèi)定語(yǔ)從句在意義上相當于并列連詞but或while連接的并列分句。

　　例如 :

　　Envoys were sent who should promote friendly

　　He is a scholar, which I’m not.?

　　(= He is a scholar while I'm not.)

　　他是個(gè)學(xué)者，然而我卻不是。

　　Trams, which disappeared from Britain many years ago, are still used in several European cities.?

　　(= Trams disappeared from Britain many years ago, but they are…)

　　有軌電車(chē)多年前就在英國銷(xiāo)聲匿跡了，現在歐洲大陸上有幾個(gè)城市卻還在使用。

　　The day, which opened brightly, closed with a storm.?

　　(= The day opened brightly but closed with a storm.)

　　這天清晨陽(yáng)光燦爛，黃昏時(shí)卻大風(fēng)大雨。

　　表示“敘述”、“補充”和“評注”等意義

　　這類(lèi)定語(yǔ)從句在意義上相當于并列連詞and連接的并列分句或獨立的簡(jiǎn)單句。其從句一般都是非限制性的。

　　例如 :

　　He drew out two handfuls of golden sovereigns and handed them to John West, who passed them to Piggy. (=…to John West John West passed them to Piggy.)

　　他從口袋里掏出兩把價(jià)值一鎊的金幣，交給約翰·威斯特，約翰·威斯特就把這錢(qián)交給皮吉。

　　I threw the ball to Tom, who threw it to Ann.

　　?( = I threw the ball to Tom and he threw it to Ann.)

　　我把球扔給湯姆，湯姆又扔給安.

　　以上兩句都是表示"繼續敘述"的意義，即作者把故事繼續講下去。再看其他幾句：

　　These books, which are only a small part of my collection, I picked up in France(=These books I picked up in France. They are only a small part of my collection.)

　　這些書(shū)是我在法國買(mǎi)的，它們在我的藏書(shū)中只占一小部分。

　　Bertrand Russell, whose philosophical writings made a profound impact on philosophers all over the world, died in 1970. (=Bertrand Russell died in 1970. His philosophical writings made a profound impact on philosophers all over the world. )

　　伯特蘭德·羅素死于1970年，他的哲學(xué)著(zhù)作對全世界的哲學(xué)家都有深刻的影響。

　　以上兩句中的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句都是用于補充情況，即提出更多的有關(guān)事實(shí)。以下幾句中的定語(yǔ)從句都是用于附加評注，即對前述事實(shí)提出說(shuō)話(huà)者自己的看法。請比較：

　　He was ill in bed, which explains why he didn't tum up last night. (=He was ill in bed. This explains why…)

　　他患病在床，這就是他昨天晚上沒(méi)有來(lái)的原因。

　　He blamed me for everything, which I thought very unfair. (= he blamed me for everything. l thought this very unfair.)

　　他把一切問(wèn)題都歸罪于我，我認為這很不公平。

　　He has given in his resignation, which was the best thing he could do in the circumstance. (= He has given in his resignation. This was the best thing…)

　　他已經(jīng)提出辭呈，這在當時(shí)情況下是最好的辦法。

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