高考英語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)典型陷阱題分析-被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

　　◆典型陷阱題分析◆

　　1. “Do you like the material?” “Yes, it _____ very soft.”

　　A. is feeling                                              B. felt

　　C. feels                                                    D. is felt

　　【陷阱】此題容易誤選D，想當然地根據“這布料摸起來(lái)很柔軟”這一句意，認為“布料”應是“被摸”，所以 feel 選用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

　　【分析】其實(shí)，此題正確答案為C，因為 feel 在此為連系動(dòng)詞，而連系動(dòng)詞均為不及物動(dòng)詞，不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，盡管有時(shí)其漢語(yǔ)意思有被動(dòng)意味。請看以下類(lèi)似例子 (答案均為D)：

　　(1) Her forehead _____ hot. I’m afraid she is ill.

　　A. is feeling                                              B. felt

　　C. is felt                                                   D. feels

　　(2) The new school has been completed. It _____ very beautiful.

　　A. is looked                                              B. looked

　　C. has looked                                            D. looks

　　(3) The dish _____ nice, but the milk _____ sour.

　　A. is smelt, is smelt                                   B. is smelt, smells

　　C. smells, is smelt                                     D. smells, smells

　　(4) The story of his life _____ interesting.

　　A. is sounded                                            B. is sounding

　　C. has sounded                                          D. sounds

　　2. He was angry _____ your work. He said that he _____ at all.

　　A. at, didn’t satisfy                                    B. to, didn’t satisfy

　　C. at, wasn’t satisfied                                 D. to, wasn’t satisfied

　　【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項均有可能被誤選。

　　【分析】最佳答案為C。 be angry at (about) sth 意為“對某事生氣”，許多同學(xué)常按漢語(yǔ)意思將其中的介詞 at (about) 換成 to，這是錯誤的。另外，許多同學(xué)將漢語(yǔ)的“不滿(mǎn)意”直譯為 not satisfy，這是是不對的，因為，satisfy在現代英語(yǔ)中只用作及物動(dòng)詞，其意不是“滿(mǎn)意”而是“使(人)滿(mǎn)意”，所以其后不能沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)，除非本身是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(或是系表結構)。

　　◆精編陷阱題訓練◆

　　1. The president _____ a cool reception when he visited London.

　　A. gave                                                    B. was given

　　C. had given                                             D. had been given

　　2. A red sky in the morning _____ to be a sign of bad weather.

　　A. says                                                     B. is saying

　　C. has said                                                D. is said

　　3 If you go there alone after dark you might get _____.

　　A. attacked and robbed      B. attacking and robbing

　　B. to attack and rob         D. to be attacked and robbed

　　4. What I wanted to know was when and where the meeting ______.

　　A. was holding                                          B. had held

　　C. was to hold                                           D. was to be held

　　5. New medicines and instruments ______ every day to extend life.

　　A. develop                                                B. are being developed

　　C. are developing                                      D. have developed

　　6. I’ll come after the meeting if time ______.

　　A. permits                                                B. is permitting

　　C. is permitted                                          D. has permitted

　　7. The students _____ ￡50 a year to cover the cost of books and stationery.

　　A. give                                                     B. are given

　　C. have given                                            D. to give

　　8. With the development of science, more new technology _______ to the fields of IT.

　　A. has introduced                                      B. is being introduced

　　C. is introduced                                         D. was introduced

　　9.”How about the dishes, Dear?” “The beef didn’t taste very good. It ______ too long.”

　　A. cooked                                                 B. had been cooked

　　C. was cooked                                           D. had cooked

　　10. He kept a little notebook, in which ______ the names and addresses of his friends.

　　A. wrote　                                               B. was writing

　　C. was written                                           D. were written

　　11. “Look! Everything here is under construction.” “What is the small building that ______for?”

　　A. is being building                                   B. has been built

　　C. is built                                                 D. is being built

　　12. Hundreds of jobs _______ if the factory closes.

　　A. lose                                                     B. will be lost

　　C. are lost                                                 D. will lose

　　13. A red sky in the morning ______ to be a sign of bad weather.

　　A. says                                                     B. is saying

　　C. has said                                                D. is said

　　14. New medicines and instruments ______ every day to extend life.

　　A. develop                                                B. are being developed

　　C. are developing                                      D. have developed

　　【答案與解析】

　　1. 選B。一方面語(yǔ)意要求要被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，另一方面從句時(shí)態(tài)暗示主句應用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

　　2. 選D。此句也可說(shuō)成 It is said that a red sky in the morning is a sign of bad weather.

　　3. 選A，“get + 過(guò)去分詞”表被動(dòng)。

　　4. 選D，從邏輯上說(shuō)，“會(huì )議”應是被開(kāi)，故用被動(dòng)式。

　　5. 選B。從語(yǔ)境上看，develop 不僅要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，而且要用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。

　　6. 選A，該用法中的 permit 為不及物動(dòng)詞，不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。其中if time permits 也可換成 time permitting。

　　7. 選B。謂語(yǔ)為 give sb sth 結構的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式。

　　8. 選B。技術(shù)應該是“被”引進(jìn)，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；根據語(yǔ)境句子應用現在進(jìn)行時(shí)。

　　9. 選B。從句意上看，“牛肉”應該是“被”煮，故句子要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；從時(shí)間上看，由于句中有 didn’t taste very good，所以“煮得太久”應該在這一過(guò)去時(shí)間之前，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

　　10. 選D。in which were written the names and addresses…為倒裝句式，其正常表達為 the names and addresses of his friends were written in the notebook。

　　11. 選D。因為 building 應該是“被建”，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；再根據前文的 look, under construction 等信息詞可知，此處應用現在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。

　　12. 選B。jobs與lose應為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；再根據條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的一般現在時(shí)可知主句以用一般將來(lái)時(shí)為宜。

　　13. 選D。因為主語(yǔ) a red sky 與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞say之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

　　14. 選B。因為“新的藥物和器械”與“開(kāi)發(fā)”之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。