并列句與狀語(yǔ)從句,高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)練

　�、�. 單句語(yǔ)法填空

　　1．(2014·江蘇，21改編)Lessons can be learned to face the future __though/although__history cannot be changed.

　　解析：對比分析兩個(gè)句子的意思可知從句表達的意思是“雖然；盡管”。句意為：雖然歷史不能被改變，但是可以學(xué)習經(jīng)驗來(lái)面對未來(lái)。設空處引導讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，故填though/although。

　　2．(2014·湖南，26改編)You will never gain success __unless__you are fully devoted to your work.

　　解析：根據句意可知主從句間是條件關(guān)系，且對比分析兩句話(huà)間“主將從現”的時(shí)態(tài)及主句中的否定詞never可知用表條件的unless(if...not)。句意為：除非你完全投入到你的工作中，否則你永遠無(wú)法取得成功。

　　3．(2015·北京，25改編)He is a shy man，__but__he is not afraid of anything or anyone.

　　解析：but用來(lái)連接并列但語(yǔ)義對比的兩個(gè)句子。句意：他是個(gè)靦腆的人，但他并不怕任何事或任何人。

　　4．(2015·北京，32改編)__Once__the damage is done， it will take many years for the farmland to recover.

　　解析：once一旦。句意：一旦造成損害，土地要好多年才能恢復。

　　5．(2015·天津，12改編)We need to get to the root of the problem__before__we can solve it.

　　解析：本題考查狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞。before表示“主句發(fā)生在從句之前”。句意：在我們解決問(wèn)題之前，我們需要找到問(wèn)題的根源。

　　6．(2015·湖南，33改編)__Although/Though__the job takes a significant amount of time，most students agree that the experience is worth it.

　　解析：although/though雖然(表示“雖然”時(shí)，不在后面使用連詞but，不過(guò)有時(shí)它可與yet，still，nevertheless等副詞連用)。句意：雖然那個(gè)工作要花大量的時(shí)間，但是大多數學(xué)生都覺(jué)得這次經(jīng)歷是值得的。

　　7．(2015·湖南，35改編)That's why I help brighten people's days.If you__don't__，who's to say that another person will？

　　解析：考查if引導的條件狀語(yǔ)從句。在if引導的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果從句談?wù)摰氖且粋�(gè)有可能發(fā)生的事實(shí)及其產(chǎn)生的相關(guān)的結果，主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，從句用一般現在時(shí)態(tài)。此句中的who's to say that another person will用的是將來(lái)時(shí)，故if引導的條件狀語(yǔ)從句要用一般現在時(shí)。句意：這就是為什么我要使人們的日子變得鮮活起來(lái)。如果你不這樣做，你說(shuō)誰(shuí)會(huì )這樣做？

　　8．(2015·四川，6改編)There is only one more day to go__before__your favorite music group play live.

　　解析：before意為“在……之前”。句意：離你最喜歡的樂(lè )隊的現場(chǎng)演奏只剩下一天了。

　　9．(2015·重慶，4改編)If you miss this chance，it may be years __before__ you get another one.

　　解析：It be＋時(shí)間段＋before...“要過(guò)……才會(huì )……”。句意：如果你錯過(guò)這次機會(huì )，可能要等很多年才會(huì )再有另一個(gè)機會(huì )。

　　10．(2015·江蘇，26改編)It is so cold that you can't go outside__unless__fully covered in thick clothes.

　　解析：本題考查狀語(yǔ)從句引導詞及狀語(yǔ)從句的省略。句意：天如此冷以至于你除非完全包裹著(zhù)厚衣服，否則不能外出。unless除非。unless從句中省略主語(yǔ)you及系動(dòng)詞are。

　　11. It's a motto that we should never remember the benefit we have offered __nor__ forget the favor received.

　　解析：句意為：我們應當永遠不要記掛我們所給予的好處也不要忘記我們所受的恩惠。這是一則座右銘。nor為表示否定含義的并列詞，never...nor...表示“既不……也不……”。

　　12．Ask any Chinese which city in China is famous for ice and snow， __and__ the answer is sure to be Harbin.

　　解析：句意為：(如果)你問(wèn)任何一個(gè)中國人中國的哪座城市因冰雪而出名，答案一定是哈爾濱。此處為“祈使句＋and/or＋陳述句”的結構，兩個(gè)分句之間為順承關(guān)系，故填and。

　　13．Stick to what you think is right， __and__ you will gain a surprising happy ending.

　　解析：句意為：堅持你認為正確的，你會(huì )擁有一個(gè)幸福的結局。此處為“祈使句＋and/or＋陳述句”的結構，兩個(gè)分句之間為順承關(guān)系，故填and。

　　14．—Can I lie about seeing a text message because I was too busy or lazy to respond to it？

　　—Receiving a text message does not necessarily mean you have to respond. Why waste a perfectly good lie __when__ the truth will serve？

　　解析：句意為：——當我很累或懶得去答復時(shí)，我可以撒謊說(shuō)沒(méi)看過(guò)短信嗎？——收到短信并不一定意味著(zhù)必須回復。為什么非得濫用一個(gè)精心編造的謊言而不去說(shuō)實(shí)話(huà)呢？對比分析主從句謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作可知是同時(shí)發(fā)生，因此用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連詞when表示“當……時(shí)候”。

　　15．Though it has been one year __since__ he came to the city， he knows every street here like the back of his hand.

　　解析：句意為：盡管他來(lái)這座城市僅僅一年，但是他對這兒的每條街道了如指掌。本題考查固定句型“it has been＋時(shí)間段＋since...”，表示“自從……已經(jīng)多久了”。

　　16．—What did he think of the trip to Beijing last month？

　　—He had such a good time __when__ he visited the Great Wall.

　　解析：句意為：——他認為上個(gè)月的北京之行怎么樣？——當他去參觀(guān)長(cháng)城時(shí)玩得很開(kāi)心。設空處引導時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“當……時(shí)候”，故填when。本題容易誤用成“such...that...”結構。

　　17．Little __as/though__ he knew about classical music， he pretended to be an expert on it.

　　解析：句意為：盡管他對古典音樂(lè )了解很少，但他假裝對此是名專(zhuān)家。分析句意及句子結構可知，設空處所在分句為讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，且否定詞little位于句首，應用倒裝結構，故填as或though。although也表“盡管”，但其引導的從句要用正常語(yǔ)序，故不填。

　　18．People in Dali are very friendly and honest to you __whether__ you are a foreigner or just a local.

　　解析：句意為：大理的人對你很誠實(shí)而友好，無(wú)論你是外地人還是當地居民。whether...or...表示“無(wú)論是……還是……”，引導讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。

　　19．You can smoke here __if__ you leave a window open to let the smoke out.

　　解析：句意為：如果你留一扇窗戶(hù)使煙散發(fā)出去，你就可以在這里吸煙。根據句意可知，此處為條件狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“如果”，故填if。

　　20．(2015·浙江，9改編)Just__as__ a single word can change the meaning of a sentence，a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.

　　解析：句意為：正如單獨一個(gè)詞能改變一個(gè)句子的含義一樣，一個(gè)獨立的句子也能改變一個(gè)段落的含義。just as意為“正如，正像”，符合句意。

　�、�. 語(yǔ)法填空

　　在空白處填入適當的內容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。

　　My classmate Michael studied very hard __1. after__ he went to senior school. Every day he worked __2. until__ every one left the classroom. He said he wouldn't stop trying __3. unless__ he got satisfying scores in his studies. Hard __4. as/though__ he tried， he made little progress， but he didn't lose heart at all __5. because__ he believed as long as he persisted he would succeed one day. __6. As__ time went by， he made improvements in his studies and he was admitted to a university in Guangzhou at last. We had a get－together party __7. before__ we started our new life in university. __8. Since__ everyone had got offers from universities， we had a very good time. When we stood __9. where__ we used to play and study， we couldn't help thinking of our happy old days. We believed we would never forget each other， __10. wherever__ we would go or whatever we would do. Before we departed， __11. although/though__we seemed a little sadder __12. than__before， we still fought back the tears.

　�、�. 單句改錯

　　1．But no sooner had I left when the bus arrived.

　　答案與解析：when→than　no sooner...than...“剛……就……”，是固定用法。

　　2．The people's life here has become rich or colorful.

　　答案與解析：or→and　此處表示“生活豐富多彩”，rich與colorful是并列關(guān)系，且本句是肯定句，故連詞用and。

　　3．I called my parents， so I did not tell them what had happened.

　　答案與解析：so→but　由called與did not tell...的對比判斷連詞用but。表示“我給父母打電話(huà)了，但是沒(méi)有告訴他們發(fā)生了什么”。

　　4．It isn't very cold， but you needn't bring many clothes with you.

　　答案與解析：but→so　天不太冷“所以”沒(méi)有必要帶很多衣服，連詞用so，表示結果。

　　5．It may be popular， and you may also get others confused.

　　答案與解析：and→but　由“get others confused”判斷連詞用but，表示“可能會(huì )受歡迎，但是也會(huì )讓別人很困惑”。

　　6．(2015·四川)In fact， I don't like to go anymore， so I'm afraid I'll lose their friendship.

　　答案與解析：so→but　作者不喜歡再去那里，“但是”又害怕失去他們的友誼，此處表示轉折，因此要用but。

　　7．I'm sure that until we keep on  practising， it will be easy for us to learn spoken  English well.

　　答案與解析：until→if　此處表示“如果我們不斷地練習，學(xué)好英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)對我們來(lái)說(shuō)就會(huì )很容易”，所以用連詞if引導一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。

　　8. One day， I was cooking in the kitchen as the telephone rang.

　　答案與解析：as→when　be doing...when...“正在做某事，這時(shí)……”，是固定句式。

　　9．Charles Rolls， a car maker， was  very interested in Royce's car， but soon Rolls and  Royce went into business together.

　　答案與解析：but→and　“很快他們就合作了”是順承前一句所說(shuō)的事情發(fā)生的，故連詞用and。

　　10．Work hard， you will make  much progress and realize your dream.

　　答案與解析：you前加and　本句是“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”句式，表示“做……，那么你就會(huì )……”。

　　11．(2016·新課標Ⅰ)Though not very big， but the restaurant is popular in our area.

　　答案與解析：去掉but　句意：餐館雖然不大，卻在我們這個(gè)區域很受歡迎。though不和but連用，因though位于句首，故去掉but。

　　12．(2016·新課標Ⅰ)Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are used for cooking.

　　答案與解析：or→and　句意：每天他都確保用于烹飪的是新鮮的蔬菜和高質(zhì)量的油。從句意判斷前后是并列關(guān)系，故把or改為and。

　　13．(2016·新課標Ⅱ)If we stay at home， it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money.

　　答案與解析：but→and　句意：如果我們待在家里，會(huì )很舒服而且也沒(méi)有必要花錢(qián)。上下句之間是并列關(guān)系，而非轉折關(guān)系。

　　14．(2016·四川)Mom has a full－time job， so she has to do most of the housework.

　　答案與解析：so→but　句意：媽媽做全職工作，但是她得干大部分家務(wù)活。前后句之間為轉折關(guān)系，故應用but連接。

　　15．(2016·四川)Both Dad or I planned to do something on Mother's Day.

　　答案與解析：or→and　句意：爸爸和“我”都打算在母親節這一天做一些事。both...and...“兩者都……”，是固定結構，符合語(yǔ)境。