高二英語(yǔ)教案：《Saving the earth總復習》教學(xué)設計(8)

　　1) all too用作副詞，意為"太過(guò)于"。如：① The trip ended all too often. 那次旅行結束得太快了。② These scenes of violence are all too familiar. 這些暴力場(chǎng)面簡(jiǎn)直是太熟悉了。

　　2) get此處用作連系動(dòng)詞，表示狀語(yǔ)的改變，其后常接形容詞(表示"進(jìn)入／變?yōu)槟撤N狀語(yǔ)")、名詞(表示"已經(jīng)變化")動(dòng)詞不定式(表示"由...變?yōu)?..")、過(guò)去分詞(表示"突然／偶然發(fā)生某事")和現在分詞(表示"開(kāi)始......起來(lái)")。如：① I want to plant the roses before it gets dark. 我要趕在天黑之前種上這些玫瑰。② You'd better take an umbrella with you if you don't want to get wet. 不想被淋濕的話(huà)，你最好帶把雨傘。③ The boy is getting(to be)a burden to the family. 這男孩子逐漸成為家里的負擔。 ④ I'll soon get to know what you are planning. 我會(huì )很快明白你在計劃是什么。⑤ Some glasses got broken when we were moving. 我們搬家的時(shí)候有些玻璃被打破了。⑥ We got talking，and didn't notice the time. 我們談了起來(lái)，沒(méi)有注意到時(shí)間的流逝。 ⑦ Our report is late；we must get going／moving／leaving. 我們的報告耽誤了；我們必須抓緊時(shí)間做。

　　3) while在此用作并列連詞，連接并列句，意為"而，然而"，在意義上相當于and then／but，強調兩者的對比關(guān)系。如：① Motion is absolute while stagnation is relative. 運動(dòng)是絕對的，而靜止是相對的。 ② He is a worker while I am a doctor. 他是工人，而我是醫生。③ They were surprised that a child should work out the problem while they themselves couldn't. 令他們吃驚的是，一個(gè)孩子能夠做出的題目，而他們自己竟做不出來(lái)。④ Their country has plenty of oil, while ours has none. 他們國家盛產(chǎn)石油，而我們國家卻一點(diǎn)兒也沒(méi)有。

　　【注意】while應置于兩個(gè)分句之間，但有時(shí)也可置于句首。如：① While I like the colour of that hat, I don't like its shape. 我雖然喜歡這帽子的顏色，但我卻不喜歡其樣式。② While I have no money to spend, you have nothing to spend money on. 我沒(méi)有錢(qián)花，而你卻有錢(qián)無(wú)處花。

　　【拓展】while可作從屬連詞引導狀語(yǔ)從句，表示時(shí)間、讓步、條件等。如：① He hurt himself while he was playing football. 他在踢足球時(shí)受了傷。② While he was respected, he was not liked. 他雖然受到尊敬，但沒(méi)有受到喜愛(ài)。 ③ There will be life while there's water and air. 只要有水和空氣，就會(huì )有生命。

　　20. Among the speakers was China's then Premier Zhu Rongji, who stressed the need for equality and fairness in the world. 在發(fā)言者中有當時(shí)的中國總理朱基，他強調了世界范圍內平等和公正的必要性。(p.68 Reading 第二段 第5行)

　　1)本句中的主句部分用了倒裝語(yǔ)序，其陳述語(yǔ)序是China's then Premier Zhu Rongi was among the speakers. 英語(yǔ)中，有時(shí)為了使句子平衡或使上下文銜接緊密，可將表語(yǔ)部分提前構成倒將語(yǔ)序。如：① Present at the meeting were Professor Huang and many other guests. 出席會(huì )議的有黃教授和許多其他客人。② Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the Chinese people. 他們任意擺布中國人的日子已經(jīng)一去不復返了。 ③ Among the goods are Christmas trees, candles and toys. 在這些物品中有圣誕樹(shù)、蠟燭和玩具。

　　2) stress在此用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為"著(zhù)重；強調"，也可作"重讀"講。如：① He stressed the need for careful spending if they were not to find themselves without enough money. 他強調說(shuō)，他們如果不想使自己缺錢(qián)花，就有必要仔細規劃各項開(kāi)支。② He stressed the impor- tance of cooperation. 他強調合作的重要性。③ She stressed that we should always be honest. 他力言我們應當誠實(shí)。④ The word "machine" is stressed on its second syllable. "machine"這個(gè)單詞的第二個(gè)音節要重讀。

　　【拓展】stress也可作名詞，意為"強調；重視；重要性([U])"或"壓力；緊張([U；C])"。如：① The teacher laid particular stress on the need for accuracy．老師特別強調了準確的必要性。② Some schools lay (put) stress on foreign language education．某些學(xué)校重視外語(yǔ)教育。③ He is under great stress because of his new job. 新工作使他感到沉重的壓力。

　　21. Richer countries have a responsibility towards poor- er countries and must do whatever they can to help others. 較富裕的國家對較貧困的國家負有責任，必須盡力幫助其他國家。(p.68 Reading 第二段 第6行)

　　responsibility作"責任、義務(wù)"講，可作可數名詞，常與for連用；作"職責、義務(wù)"講，是可數名詞。其反義詞是irresponsibility。如：① I will take (the) responsibility for the task. 我會(huì )對那項工作負責。② Now that you're 17 you should have more sense of responsibility. 既然你17歲了，你應當有更多的責任感。③ It is his responsibility to make arrangements for the meeting. 安排該次會(huì )議是他的職責。④ The head of a large company has many responsibilities. 大公司的領(lǐng)導人要負責的事情很多。

　　【拓展】形容詞responsible意為"對(尤指壞事)負責任的"，指對人負責，常與介詞to連用，指對某事負責，常與介詞for連用。如：① He is responsible to me for it. 這件事他對我負責。② We are responsible for our own actions. 我們應對自己的行為負責。③ The boy was responsible for feeding the chickens. 那個(gè)男孩負責喂雞。