高考英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)
2021-09-25 17:31:59高考網(wǎng)整理
高考英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)
高頻考點(diǎn)一 動(dòng)詞詞義辨析
例1．(2019·江蘇卷)A city is the product of the human hand and mind, ________ man’s intelligence and creativity.
A．resembling B．reflecting
C．reviewing D．restoring
【答案】B
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：城市是人的手和思想的產(chǎn)物，它反映了人類(lèi)的智慧和創(chuàng )造力。resemble“看起來(lái)像”；reflect“反映”；review“檢查”；restore“恢復”。
【舉一反三】【2018·江蘇】22. Kids?shouldn’t?have?access?to?violent?films?because?they?might?_______ the?things?they see.
A. indicate B. investigate
C. imitate D. innovate
【答案】C
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析及語(yǔ)境理解。句意：孩子不應該接觸暴力電影，因為他們也許會(huì )模仿他們所見(jiàn)的事情。A. indicate指示；B. investigate調查；C. imitate模仿；D. innovate改革。故選C。
【變式探究】When the time came to make the final decision for a course , I decided to apply for the one that ______my interest.
A. limited B. reserved C. reflected D. spoiled
【答案】C
【解析】句意：當最后決定課程的時(shí)候到了，我決定申請能反映我興趣的課程。A.限制；B.保留；C.反映，反射；D.寵壞。故選C。
【變式探究】While intelligent people can often ______ the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.
A．sacrifice B．substitute
C．simplify D．survive
【答案】C
【解析】句意：聰明的人常常能把復雜的事情簡(jiǎn)單化，而愚蠢的人更可能把簡(jiǎn)單的問(wèn)題復雜化。根據句意可知，這里用simplify與后面的the simple對應，the complex與后面的complicate呼應。sacrifice“犧牲”；substitute“代替”；survive“幸存”。
【舉一反三】A good listener takes part in the conversation, ________ ideas and raising questions to keep the talk flowing.
A．realizing B．copying
C．offering D．misunderstanding
【答案】C
【解析】句意：善于傾聽(tīng)的人在談話(huà)的時(shí)候，往往會(huì )提出想法和問(wèn)題，從而使得談話(huà)能流暢地進(jìn)行下去。offer“提供，主動(dòng)提出”，符合句意。realize“意識到”；copy“復制”；misunderstand“誤解”。
高頻考點(diǎn)二 動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析
例2．(2019·江蘇卷)More wind power stations will ________ to meet the demand for clean energy.
A．take up B．clear up
C．hold up D．spring up
【答案】D
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：為了滿(mǎn)足清潔能源的要求，更多的風(fēng)力發(fā)電站將涌現出來(lái)。take up“占據，從事”；clear up“清理”；hold up“舉起，阻礙”；spring up“迅速出現，突然興起”。
【舉一反三】【2018·天津】At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving, but eventually he___________ as she was so confidence about her skills.
A. gave in B. dressed up
C. broke in D. turned up
【答案】A
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析及語(yǔ)境理解。句意：起初，羅伯特不愿讓他女兒去潛水，但最終他讓步了，因為她對她的技能是如此的有把握。A. gave in屈服，讓步；B. dressed up打扮；C. broke in闖入；打斷；D. turned up出現。根據轉折詞but及原因as she was so confident about her skills.可知，最終他讓步了。故選A。
【變式探究】（2017?天津）Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter _____, get married, and have kids.
A. settled down B. keep off C. get up D. cut in
【答案】A
【解析】句意：布朗先生和夫人想要看到他們的女兒安頓下來(lái)，結婚生子。A.安頓下來(lái)；B.遠離；C起床；D.擦嘴。根據句意，故選A。
【變式探究】Many businesses started up by college students have________thanks to the comfortable climatefor business creation
A.fallen off B. taken off C. turned off D. left off
【答案】B
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。短語(yǔ)fall off跌落，下降；take off起飛，成功，受歡迎；turn off關(guān)閉；leave off停止，中斷；句意：由于良好的創(chuàng )業(yè)環(huán)境，很多大學(xué)生創(chuàng )辦的生意都很成功。根據句意可知B正確。
【變式探究】Mother always complains that children ________ their shoes very quickly.
A．find out B．wash out
C．wear out D．set out
【答案】C
【解析】句意：母親總是抱怨孩子們的鞋很快就穿破了。wear out“用壞，(使)磨損”，符合語(yǔ)境。find out“查明”；wash out“把……洗掉”；set out“啟程，動(dòng)身”。
【舉一反三】Butterflies ________ a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect.
A．carry on B．feed on
C．put on D．focus on
【答案】B
【解析】句意：蝴蝶以花產(chǎn)生的一種甜甜的液體為食，蜜蜂和別的昆蟲(chóng)則采集這種液體。carry on“繼續”；feed on“以……為食物”；put on“上演，穿上”；focus on“集中(注意力、精力等于……上)”。根據句意可知應選B。
高頻考點(diǎn)三 動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))的熟詞生義
例3.The two countries are going to meet to ________ some barriers to trade between them.
A．make up B．use up
C．turn down D．break down
【答案】D
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：這兩個(gè)國家將要會(huì )面以?huà)叱齼蓢g的貿易障礙。make up“組成，構成，編造，虛構，和解”；use up“用完，用光”；turn down“拒絕，調低”；break down常見(jiàn)熟義：分解，出故障；生義：掃除(障礙)，清除(困難)，失敗。根據句中的關(guān)鍵詞meet(會(huì )面)以及barriers(障礙)可知是掃除障礙。
【舉一反三】Shakespeare’s writing is still popular today.It has really ________ the test of time.
A．failed B．stood
C．taken D．conducted
【答案】B
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：莎士比亞的作品當今依舊很受歡迎，它的確經(jīng)受住了時(shí)間的檢驗。根據前一句“Shakespeare’s writing is still popular today.”可推知，后一句意為“莎士比亞的作品經(jīng)受住了(stood)時(shí)間的檢驗”。Stand常見(jiàn)熟義：站立，位于；生義：經(jīng)受住，容忍，忍受。Stand the test of time經(jīng)受住了時(shí)間的檢驗，故選B項。
【變式探究】The athlete‘s years of hard training ________when she finally won the Olympic gold medal in the 2016 Olympics in Rio De Janeiro.
A．went on B．got through
C．paid off D．ended up
【答案】C
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：當這個(gè)運動(dòng)員最終在2016年里約熱內盧奧運會(huì )上獲得奧運會(huì )金牌時(shí)，她多年的刻苦訓練總算得到了回報。Pay off熟義為“還清”，生義為“取得成功，奏效”，符合句意；go on“繼續下去”；get through“完成，處理”；end up“最終處于……”。
【舉一反三】We all agreed that the cottage would ________a perfect holiday home for the family.
A．make B．turn
C．take D．have
【答案】A
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我們都認為這幢小別墅非常適合全家度假時(shí)居住。make在此為熟詞生義，表示“適合做，宜用作”，符合題意。
1．(2019·江蘇卷)A city is the product of the human hand and mind, ________ man’s intelligence and creativity.
A．resembling B．reflecting
C．reviewing D．restoring
【答案】B
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：城市是人的手和思想的產(chǎn)物，它反映了人類(lèi)的智慧和創(chuàng )造力。resemble“看起來(lái)像”；reflect“反映”；review“檢查”；restore“恢復”。
2．(2019·江蘇卷)More wind power stations will ________ to meet the demand for clean energy.
A．take up B．clear up
C．hold up D．spring up
【答案】D
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：為了滿(mǎn)足清潔能源的要求，更多的風(fēng)力發(fā)電站將涌現出來(lái)。take up“占據，從事”；clear up“清理”；hold up“舉起，阻礙”；spring up“迅速出現，突然興起”。
3．(2019·天津卷)Kate heard a man’s voice in the background, but she couldn’t ________ what he was saying.
A．set aside B．take back
C．make out D．keep off
【答案】C
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：凱特聽(tīng)到背景中有一個(gè)男人的聲音，但是聽(tīng)不清他在說(shuō)什么。A項意為“暫不考慮”；B項意為“收回”；C項意為“聽(tīng)清”；D項意為“使避開(kāi)”。結合語(yǔ)境可知，應選C。
